POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMICAL SITUATION IN THREE COUNTRIES IN SOUTH AMERICA

 POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMICAL SITUATION IN THREE COUNTRIES IN SOUTH AMERICA 

All around the world are many problems that involve many politic and economic acts, and also natural resources that the coutries have, an example of this situation that we can see is the countrie that is next to us, that is Venezuela, that is why you can see that many people from over there are moving to Colombia, their situation is really bad, that is because a president named nicolas maduro has taken over the country and changed too many things on the economic,political and also social areas and these changes had affected the country. An other countrie that have problems is our countrie Colombia but it have politic problems because a lot of people dosnt think the same about the peace process that was sign last year by our president Juan Manuel Santos , who decide to do this, for the main revolutionary group of the fARC to leave the weapons . But a lot of the poblation dosnt agree with these because they think that all thispeople that have make to many harmful things to our society and they are going to gave them a space to work in our government. The other countrie is uruguay that have a system that offered comprehensive social protection in the early development of social policy. In recent years, however, the welfare state in Uruguay has faced considerable challenges. This chapter will examine social policy in Uruguay and analyse the problems it is experiencing. In doing so, it will identify the political and economic dynamics of the Uruguayan welfare state.

Venezuela is immersed in a deep humanitarian, political and economic crisis. Its citizens are suffering from a shortage of products while hospitals do not have medicines or basic equipment. Experts say that Venezuela has a priority to pay its debt instead of addressing the shortage.
The experts have the following question about how much time is left in Venezuela before it runs out of money. But all agree that Venezuela does not have enough money reserves to make all its payments during the next two years.
It is a difficult situation and a rather ironic one for a country that has the largest oil reserves in the world.
 In ColombiaNobody expected a year ago, when peace was signed with the FARC, that the implementation of the agreements was easy. But reality has shown that everything has been much more difficult than imagined.
But there is also a fact about which little is said at the information juncture and that it permanently affects the implementation of peace agreements: the weight that Colombian society has on the damage suffered during many years of war.
What the country is seeing today and in the future is that reconciliation, the main objective of a peace process, will be a hard and long task that will require political leaders willing to lead it. In addition, of a citizenship that, beyond the grudges left by the armed conflict, assumes that, in order to move forward, Colombia needs peace. Although the urban sectors do not perceive it, it is a fact that the violence due to the armed conflict was reduced substantially. At the same time, civilian deaths from the conflict were reduced.
Uruguayan reaction to the economic Crisisand the economic and political transition that followed in
its aftermath. This crisis not only threw Uruguay into its deepest crisis since
the return of democracy, but also became the initiation of a political reform that is still in progress. The chapterwill pay particular attention to some of the structural problems of the Uruguayan labor market, such as an aging population, unemployment and public sector reforms. These problems are serious challenges to Uruguay, not only in terms of social protection, but also for its economic development. As we will illustrate, unless these challenges are tackled effectively, they could have a negative effect on the social and economic prospects for Uruguay. But now Uruguay has introduced social programs in the areas of education, social security and employment.

Many countries all around the world specially in south america that is  where in some places you can see poverty and corruption, you can find a lot of problem in a political social and economical aspect, these leads many of these countries to resort and ask for help from the bigest countries  so that they do not decay, and try to return  as they were before  or improve to succes as a better countrie.

ESSAY n6.

VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND CHILDREN WORLDWIDE

Violence and abuse of women and of children are a global problem. This problem blights and takes the lives of millions every year. Women and children are often the victims of particular types of violent crimes such as domestic and sexual violence, human trafficking, child abuse and neglect, elder abuse  and neglect, prostitution, malnutrition, kidnapping and hate crimes... it is necessary that both citizens and governments of each country, we be vigilant of respect for human rights that every woman and child has, regardless of nationality, race language and cultural differences. Because if we want building a more peaceful world, stopping this violence, we must be a top priorirty, not only for the safe of the millions directly affected , but for the safe of all of us.


Victims of violence of any type fear stigmatization or societal condemnation and thus often hesitate to report crimes. The issue is compounded by the fact that for women and children the perpetrators are often people they know and because some countries lack laws or regulations protecting victims.
A cruel and sad reality, is that many of the cases against women and children is perpetrated by partners, family members, friends, or against women and children takes places in the form of intimate partner violence, family violence, or school violence.
North Korea is a country under a dictatorial government, where many human rights are often violated against women and children.
According to many reports, the protection of North korean children, and their rights are violated regularly: Torture, abuse, bad nutrition, lack of hygiene and lack of medical care are some of the problems facing children in North Korea. Despite the extreamly harsh and cruel nature of the situation, the government refuses to acknowledge that these camps exist. Given these circumstances, recognizing violations of children`s rights seems an impossible task.
North Korea between October and November of 2017 detailed the discrimination and exploitation, as well as the physical and sexual violence faced by women and girls in North Korea. North Koreans who recently fled the country or maintained regular contacts with people still in North Korea said that women and girls face gender-based discrimination from childhood in school, work and home. They also said that women frequently face male violence in their homes, in public spaces, including the market, and there is virtually no official recourse or protection mechanisms for victims.
In France, most children are exposed to abuse or neglected by their parents. Social services help many of these children. The Committee on the Rights of the Child has also noted that in France corporal punishment is still prevalent against children, both within the family and the school, especially in the overseas departments to marry. In fact, the use of violence against children is not prohibited in France. One solution to overcome this problem is to explicitly prohibit by law corporal punishment in the family.
In Afghanistan, violence against women in the home is so prevalent and so pervasive that practically every woman will experience it in her life time. Domestic violence has become a regular feature of almost all households, and shapes every aspect of women`s and girl`s lives: their health, their livelihoods, their acces to social and cultural resources, and their educational opportunities.

Violence affects women at some point in their lives and children all over the world. It is an epidemic that has harmful consequences on the mental and physical health of those who survive it and that affects women and children without distinction of countries, cultures, educational and socioeconomic levels. Urgent measures must be taken to stop the repetition of violent patterns. No strategy can be successful if it is based solely on response or penalty actions, it is necessary to take more effective strategies such as those that seek to transform social norms that legitimize the inequality of power between men and women and develop skills to solve problems without violence .

HOW THE PROCESS OF DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS IN COLOMBIA WAS.

The last electoral elections in Colombia, had like objective the election of our representatives to the congress of the republic; that is conformed by camera and senate. Here all the political parties of our country presented their candidates and as citizens we had the opportunity to listen and analyze their political proposals. perhaps one of the most relevant facts was that, for the first time in history, F.A.R.C had participation as a political party.

This democratic process took place in a peaceful manner and in total normality. With the results it was possible to observe and analyze the new percentages of
the abstention, the blank vote and the opinion vote; In addition to comparing past elections, the phenomenon called "vote buying" and the legitimacy of those who went to the polls. Go out and see the ethics and credibility of the political candidates. Something very important, since the politics without ethics becomes a corrupt underworld, where the power and personal interests of the politician will always prevail over the arrival of the population. And those who seek to govern in a democratic society like our country, should be an example
This year there was a high participation of citizens, something very fundamental for future debates and popular consultations related to issues such as peace, justice, immigration, education, the economy and many others.



Here I highlight three long-term challenges that if any president faced would leave an indelible mark:

1. Education The efforts that have been made have been insufficient. To begin with, it is necessary to ensure food, health, affection and proper education in early childhood; in this age we play half of the task. Children without sufficient nutrition or adequate and timely stimulation will have much lower chances of being good bachilleres, needless to say, professionals.


2. Moving from a mining economy to a more modern, innovative and diversified one. We have already explained it many times in this blog: this is a country that deindustrializes. Colombia today depends as never before on mining exports and, on the other hand, it has weakened its manufacturing industry and its agriculture.

3. First the human being. To the economic policies it is necessary to give them a turn of 180%. That inflation worries more than employment, what we focus on GDP growth more than socio-economic development; or that we want to solve with unfeasible subsidies the fundamental needs of the people (health, education, housing, etc.) are clear evidence that we are confused in our priorities.

We must remember that a good political representative in our government will always be one who sees Colombia with a vision of the future, and works honestly for the welfare of the country that chose him. Without wanting to be simplistic, and without ignoring that the conjuncture will always be a challenge for any ruler; this country has pending tasks that, as long as they do not confront us, will keep us in underdevelopment. We need to strengthen State policies and stop relying on short-term politicking compromises.

ESSAY n4.

HOW DO YOU THINK CHRISTMAS MUST BE CELEBRATED?

Christmas it is a worldwide cultural and commercial phenomenon, celebrated on December 25. people have been observing it with traditions and practices, like getting gifts that day that you write in a letter. Most of the people celebrate Christmas Day as the birthday of Jesus. Also sharing with family and friends, waiting for Santa Claus to arrive with the gifts. That month is also a moment to have fun in community, appriciate what you have, and be thankful with others.

Christmas should be celebrated in a form of peace, in which no one is discriminated against for any reason, but it should be a season of gratitude, of reflecting on what we have done, whether be good or bad, also to spend time with our families with a good harmony and to make everyone happy, Christmas for many is hapiness,  specially for the kids as they wait for the gifts that they order, for others Christmas is not as good because their parents do not have how to pay this toys, making some childrens sad because they dont get what they  ask for. So I think that in this season of hapiness,the people should come together and help those that dont have, doing more campaigns to give gifts to those who do not have, not necessarily a gift , also sharing time with those who need it and make them feel better. That as well as you are grateful for having something, others will thank you for giving them something and helping them in a hard time for them. Some early Christians strongly opposed the celebration of the birth of Jesus. Noting that only Pharaoh and Herod celebrate their birthdays in the Bible, Origen argued that birthdays were for pagans, not for Christians. Jehovah's Witnesses follow the same reasoning today by rejecting both Christmas and the celebration of birthdays. But now Christians decided on December 25 to celebrate the birth of Jesus. Giving gifts to their families, meeting to pray together and give thanks. It is more a time of giving, not just material things, but time and ones own self. spending time with family and being grateful for the blessings bestowed upon us is what is really important.

To conclude, it can be said that christmas is the perfect time to share with family and friends, remembering the birth of Jesus Christ and thanking God for all the blessings received day after day in our lives. Therefore, it is important not only to celebrate at home but also to go to the churches to participate in the Eucharist, and share in community moments of prayer and praise to Jesus.

ESSAY n3.

christmas-commercial date or a religious  practice

Christmas is the most important and recognized event in the whole world, even in no christians countries, coming to be celebrated in different ways, but the main way is to celebrate the birth of Jesus. When it arrives on December 25 is when the gifts are delivered, spending a large sum of money at the same time on the decorations. So all this is in doubt, will Christmas be something commercial or  a religious event?


Christmas,that season of multicolored lights, special dinners, presents, fun, is associated with a christian tradition that represents the anniversary of the birth  of  Jesus. This is how for many christians, the true meaning of christmas is one Jesus, who came into the world with only one purpose, to give his life and die for our sins. In latin America, christmas marks the end of a nine day period before christmas, called "novenas" wich represents the none months of labour for the virgin Mary before she gave birth to Jesus.The feast of the birth of Jesus is the quintessential family celebration, wich has the virtiue of renewing in hearts the desires of happiness and peace.  Commercially christmas is also a time called "high season", where the stores reach great sales of products and toys, among others.
Commercially, the stores take advantage of this event, to promote the latest technological developments, toys mos representative of films and television programs. Children write letters to santa asking for giftrs.


To conclude, it can be said that although our society has replaced the chritmas message with material and consumerism, we must take this event as an opportunity to be united as a family, and rejoice in Jesus, praise him and thank him for being in our lives.

ESSAY n.2

HUMAN RIGHTS IN COLOMBIA AND ALL AROUND THE WORLD

The human rights  are those  that are tryng to protect  every human condition, in all its forms. These are basic and cross all around the world, does not matter nationality, sex, age, place of residence, political affiliation, religion, and others. However day afeter day the world is in costant struggle to enforce and respect many of the human rights. Because they are vulnerable to the current world crisis, as war, violence, corruption, discrimination, and others. Leaving pain, suffering and hopelessness.

After Colombia's  internal conflict , the country's government and civil society needed to cultivate a public and institutional culture that prioritized protecting human rights and preventing violations of them. Colombian society continues to be the victim of serious abuses committed by guerrillas and paramilitary groups, which emerged after an official paramilitary demobilization process carried out years ago. The violence associated with the internal armed conflict in Colombia has led to the forced displacement of millions of Colombians, who were forced to leave their homes. Because of this, the Colombian government tried for years to make peace agreements with paramilitaries and guerrillas. On March 9, 1990, in Caloto, Cauca, the first peace agreement was signed between a guerrilla and the Colombian State. The M19 had declared that the war was not the solution and resolved to lay down the arms in a negotiation with the government of Virgilio Barco. With the passing of time the governments of Andres Pastrana and Alvaro Uribe, also managed to convene meetings with the guerrilla group of the FARC, but no agreements were reached. However, the release of several political and military hostages was achieved. President Juan Manuel Santos and the leader of the FARC, Rodrigo Londoño 'Timochenko', signed a peace agreement in Bogota on November 24, 2016. With this, it is expected that later the ELN will also agree to demobilize. As in Colombia, many other countries also face situations that threaten the human rights of their populations; such as the war in Syria, the political, social and economic conflict in Venezuela, the dictatorship of the government in North Korea, the drug trafficking in Mexico, the increase in drug addiction and abortion in countries such as the United States and China, poverty, hunger and malnutrition in India, Venezuela and Africa, etc.

All these problems are many of the challenges faced by human rights throughout the world before a radical change in social, political and economic factors. At risk is the erosion of an international system that defends the protections of human rights and the rule of law, which could affect societies, economies and companies; and  it is the responsibility of all actors (civil society, governments and companies) to defend the problems that concern people and make human rights relevant to people's daily lives. 

ESSAY n.1

Benefits and challenges of a soccer world cup

There are many soccer events, but the most important is called "The FIFA World Cup". This sporting event is held every four years since 1930, with the exception of the years 1942 and 1946, when it was suspended due to the Second World War. In this event they classify 200 national teams and later they go on to the next phase in which only 32 teams qualify. In the present essay will be analyzed, the benefits, opportunities and challenges generated by the organization of a soccer world cup. 

The World Cup becomes a sporting event, which generates an overwhelming attention and interest of social, economic, political and cultural, in each country. Soccer not only manages the emergence of countless fans that make each game a controversial conversation with each goal or moment of the game. It also helps to increase the economy of the host country, since companies take advantage of the potential of the event, both inside and outside the match, to change their production lines and increase sales in the national and international market, especially those of sportswear. The tourism also generates employment and benefits aereolineas, hotels and restaurants, of the country. However, the celebration of the tournament also leads to challenges of providing security and tranquility to each and every one of the participants, tourists, athletes, among others.Another significant challenge is to offer excellent infrastructures without having to make large investments in maintenance or modernization. Also it helps the communities  beganing  to  convivate with new cultures for them  and also helps the tourism , giving a good aspect to that country with all decorated for the worldcup.

This analysis allows to establish that without a doubt the benefits and opportunities that represent for a country the organization of a soccer world cup, in the most popular sport in the history of the modern world . Helping the host country in many other ways but also challenges the country to have a perfect security and infrastructure.